Invasive Species Threaten South Carolina’s Wildlife and Ecosystems

Invasive Species in South Carolina: A Growing Concern

Greenville, SC – South Carolina is home to a diverse array of wildlife, but not all of it belongs here. Over the years, several invasive species have staked their claim in the state, often leading to significant environmental and agricultural challenges. Let’s take a closer look at some of these newcomers and the local efforts to manage them.

The Wild Hogs: A Heavyweight Problem

First up, we have the notorious feral hogs. Originally brought to the Southeast by Spanish explorers over 500 years ago, these hogs have multiplied to an astonishing population of about 150,000 in South Carolina alone. Weighing in at up to 250 pounds, these creatures can sprint at remarkable speeds of 30 miles per hour. This makes them a significant threat as they compete with native wildlife for food, destroy habitats, and can transmit diseases.

Will Dillman, assistant chief of wildlife with the S.C. Department of Natural Resources, states, “They’re by far the ones that probably have some of the most damaging impacts around the state.” Their rapid reproduction rate means controlling their population is an ongoing challenge for local wildlife officials.

Coyotes: Not the Lone Ranger

Coyotes might seem like your average wildlife encounter, but they are also intruders in South Carolina. First spotted in the state in 1978, these cunning canines have spread across every county. Their presence has led to a significant decline in the population of white-tailed deer, South Carolina’s official state animal, which has seen a drop of more than 30 percent since 2002, according to DNR findings.

However, it’s not just deer that are feeling the brunt of coyote attacks. Recent headlines even report coyotes attacking dogs in neighborhoods, prompting towns like Sullivan’s Island to spend over $20,000 in efforts to manage their population.

The Yellow-Legged Hornet: A New Arrival

Then, let’s talk about a newer invasion: the yellow-legged hornet. Being found just across the border in Savannah, Georgia, these hornets made their way into South Carolina in 2023. While they don’t have a more painful sting than regular hornets, their impact is felt primarily in our honey bee populations. Matthew Howle, the invasive species program manager at Clemson University, describes these hornets as “butchering” bees. “They can hover in front of a honey bee colony and pick honey bees out of the air,” he explains, severely depleting local bee populations crucial to our ecosystems.

Concerns with Tegus and Cuban Tree Frogs

Adding to the variety of invasive species, the Argentine tegu, a four-foot-long lizard, has caught the attention of environmental officials since arriving in South Carolina in 2020. These lizards consume large quantities of wildlife, including endangered species. Although their presence is not rampant yet—with about 100 sightings reported in 13 counties—officials worry their numbers may grow rapidly, given the right climate, as observed in neighboring states like Georgia and Florida.

In swamps across the region, the Cuban tree frog is inching its way into local habitats. Known for its adaptability, this species feasts on native frogs and has even been known to enter homes, which can be quite surprising for residents!

A Threat to Our Trees: Asian Long-Horned Beetles

If you’re a tree lover, you’ll want to watch for the Asian long-horned beetle, which first popped up in South Carolina in 2020. These insects wreak havoc on our native trees, especially red maples. As they lay their eggs on the bark and munch through the wood, they weaken the structure of the trees, making them prone to falling.

A Looming Threat: The Spotted Lanternfly

Lastly, the infamously dubbed “Regina George of insects,” the spotted lanternfly is one pest we hope won’t make its way into South Carolina, although experts believe it’s only a matter of time. First spotted in Pennsylvania, this insect targets over 70 species of plants and poses a grave risk to our agricultural industry.

With all these invasive species making themselves at home in South Carolina, staying informed and prepared is essential. If you spot any of these pesky intruders, be sure to report your findings to local wildlife officials. Remember, early detection is key to keeping our precious ecosystems intact!